Archive for February, 2007
Darjeeling tea: The champagne of tea
Posted by Admin in General Tea News on February 28th, 2007
By Mehdi Hassan
India produces both high and low quality tea. The Darjeeling tea is very famous all over the world. Since, the tea is grown in Darjeeling, a small town in West Bengal it is called Darjeeling tea. However, Darjeeling tea mainly refers to the black tea produced in Darjeeling. Other kinds of tea such as, green tea, oolong tea, and white tea are also produced in Darjeeling.
The history of tea in Darjeeling goes back to the colonial period. A British civil surgeon, Dr. Campbell, was experimenting with tea seeds in the back yard of his house. In nineteenth century, tea gardens started in Darjeeling.
The first gardens were Tukvar, Steinthal and Aloobari tea estates. The seeds used in these gardens were produced in government nurseries.
At present there are 86 gardens over 19,000 hectares of land. The production is 10 to 11 million kilograms. According to the demand this is very small quantity.
There are three harvests in a year. Spring time harvest which starts from late February to the middle of April. June harvest leaves are more developed and the liquor is bright. Autumnal harvest depends on the weather.
Useful links:
http://darjeelingtea.com/history.htm
http://www.teamuse.com/article_030401.html
http://www.darjeelingnews.net/darjeeling_tea.html
Kenya: Sh100 Million Expansion At Tea Factory
Posted by Admin in Tea Industry News on February 28th, 2007
allAfrica.com, Washington, USA
BY Robert Nyasato, The East African Standard (Nairobi)
A Kenya Tea Development Agency (KTDA) managed tea factory in Nyamira District will be expanded at a cost of Sh100 million to ease congestion.
The expansion of Nyansiongo Tea Factory will start next month and will be completed in a year. Farmers will raise a Sh150 million equity for the construction to start.
Factory’s board of directors chairman, Mr Nahashon Mwebi on Friday said the factory was currently receiving green tea leaves beyond its capacity of 12 million kilos a year.
“We are currently overstretched and that is why the board decided to expand the factory. In December we received 1.8 million kilos against the processing capacity of 800, 000 kilos,” he added.
In the expansion programme, new dryers and boilers will be installed.
Directors Mr Japhet Onyari, Mr John Nyagarama, Ms Claire Omanga, Mr Spencer Obutu and factory manager, Mr Isaiah Kiget said the factory will construct a satellite processing unit in the next three years to relieve production.
A group of shareholders are opposed to the construction of the new factory but the directors said the decision was final.
Tea 101: Introduction to tea
Posted by Admin in General Tea News, Tea Culture / Ceremony on February 28th, 2007
Tea is one of the most popular drinks today in the world. It is mainly used as a refreshment drink. After getting up from sleep, the first thing that many people crave for is a cup of tea.
South America and South East Asian countries are the main producers of tea. China, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Japan are the major tea producing countries.
China has the oldest history of consuming tea as a drink. Historian believes that Chinese people have been taking since 28th century BC but the written records of 10th century contain the use of tea. Earlier, it was used as a medicine in China.
There are few legends about how tea was introduced in China. According to one legend, tea was first discovered by Shennong, the legendary Chinese emperor. He also introduced agriculture and medicine in China. According another legend, Bodhidharma, a Buddhist monk was the first one to discover tea. Some times, Lord Buddha is related to the legend.
There are four true types of teas: black tea, oolong tea, green tea, and white tea.
However, type of tea is also defined based on how the tea leaves are processed. Tea is categorized into seven types based on its processing: kukicha, yellow tea, pole, black tea, oolong, green tea,and white tea.
Tea for Health: organic green tea cancer prevention
Posted by Admin in Tea Health Benefits on February 28th, 2007
TopCancerNews.com – Dallas, TX, USA
During the 52nd Summer Fancy Food Show, visitors will be able to sample a new green tea drink aimed at cancer prevention. In addition, Dr. Lee will present scientific evidence that his organic green tea drink TeaforHealth is the only green tea product to be able to make a qualified health claim regarding its anti-cancer benefits by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) — based on the de facto standard recommended by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for effectiveness against cancer — in a demonstration and talk called Green Tea as Medicine to Fight Cancer, at the International Union Against Cancer quadrennial World Cancer Congress, on July 10, 2006 in Washington, D.C.
According to company claims, Dr. Lee’s TeaForHealth organic green teas are packaged to preserve the maximum level of the tea’s EGCG antioxidants, and independently lab tested to meet the NCI specification.
At Dr. Lee’s TeaForHealth homepage it states, “Green tea may reduce the risk of breast and prostate cancers. The FDA has concluded that there is credible evidence supporting this claim although the evidence is limited.” TeaforHealth in a bottle is available in 4 flavors, including Lemon, Honey, Diet Lemon, and Unsweetened Original. To learn more about the health benefits of green tea, Dr. Lee’s company provides Greenteahaus: The Green Tea Reference Library.
For a sampling of information on the health benefits of green tea not supplied by the company manufacturing a green tea product:
* National Cancer Institute’s Tea and Cancer Prevention: Fact Sheet
* WebMD’s Green Tea’s Cancer-Fighting Target Found
* AICR: Foods That Fight Cancer — Green Tea
To follow the history regarding Dr. Lee’s TeasforHealth and the FDA:
* FDA Issues Information for Consumers about Claims for Green Tea and Certain Cancers
* Letter Responding to Health Claim Petition dated January 27, 2004: Green Tea and Reduced Risk of Cancer Health Claim
* Letter from Dr. Lee to FDA (available as a PDF document)
India seeks tea export via Wagah
Posted by Admin in Tea Industry News on February 28th, 2007
By Imran Ayub
KARACHI: India has sought tea export to Pakistan via Wagah border to rebuild its flagging tea industry, official and trade sources said on Thursday.
A source close to the commerce ministry said the government had received Indian proposals both formal and informal. However, the Pakistani side has not taken up these proposals seriously and import of tea from India was not in its the priority list.
“The latest attempt in this regard was made by the Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee, who discussed the subject with his Pakistani counterpart during his visit to Pakistan last month,” said the source.
“However, the minister replied that it was not his subject and would ask the commerce ministry to look into with the consent of local industry and traders.”
He said though the government did not show any seriousness on Indian demand, the neighbouring country appeared desperate to market its tea in Pakistan along with Iran and Egypt.
Pakistan is the world’s second largest importer of tea, with annual imports of 140 million kilograms. Kenya has been a major supplier of the product as the African country contributes almost 70 per cent of total tea imported in the country every year.
Though India is the world’s largest tea producer, it consumes 80 per cent of the product domestically. Traditionally, 90 percent of Indian tea exports go to Russia, Iraq, the United Kingdom and the United Arab Emirates.
“India has recently identified three new markets – Iran, Egypt and Pakistan. The Indian commerce ministry has launched an aggressive campaign in this regard and the recent move is part of that campaign,” said the source.
He said the Indian commerce ministry in January 2007 announced $1.1 billion fund to help the tea sector grow by up to 50 per cent in the next half-decade and the country plans to host its first International Tea Festival in Guwahati in November 2007.
“Though Pakistan imports more than 140 million kilograms every year, India’s share is only eight million kilogram. That is why Indians strongly believe that their exports to Pakistan would increase, if tea enters through Wagah,” added the source.
The government in 2004-05 facilitated tea imports when it slashed import duty on tea by 50 bringing it down from 20 per cent to 10 per cent to protect the local industry and curb the smuggling menace. Indian tea is one of the smuggling prone varieties.
An estimation compiled by the tea importers claims total cost of legal import of tea comes to 34 per cent as against 11 per cent expenses being incurred by the smugglers, who bring tea from India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and China.
“One of Pranab Mukherjee priorities on the diplomatic visit in last month was to convince Pakistan to let Indian tea enter its market through Wagah, rather than through the current circuitous route by way of Dubai or illegal channels,” he added.
“An Indian delegation of tea manufacturers was also due to visit Pakistan in July 2006 but Bombay blasts forced it to cancel such plans.”
He said the delegation was likely to redesign its visit to Pakistan later this year, when it received green signal.
Drink’s big claim: It burns calories / Skeptics don’t buy Coca-Cola, Nestlé green tea product
Posted by Admin in Tea Product News on February 28th, 2007
San Francisco Chronicle – San Francisco, CA, USA
By Stacy Finz, Chronicle Staff Writer
Consumers cruising the aisles of supermarkets this week will find a new green tea beverage with an astounding claim — drink it and burn calories.
The Coca-Cola Co. and Nestlé say consuming three cans a day of their new product, Enviga, will burn 60 to 100 calories — and you don’t have to run laps around the track, pedal a stationary bicycle or even bench-press weights. These calories can be burned merely by lifting the cans from table to mouth.
It seems too good to be true, and some say it is. In fact, one watchdog group already has filed a false-advertising lawsuit against the two companies, and Connecticut’s attorney general has launched an investigation into the calorie-burning claim.
But Coca-Cola representatives insist that the drink has been scientifically tested and that it works. Food industry specialists say this is the first time beverages have been marketed as negative-calorie drinks, and they believe it could be the wave of the future. Last year, Elite FX Inc., which started as a food research company in Florida, released Celsius, a green tea soft drink that the firm claims is the world’s first calorie-burning beverage.
Green tea has become one of the nation’s leading wonder ingredients, touted as an antioxidant that fights cancer and heart disease. While some clinical trials show a link between drinking green tea and increasing metabolism, most health experts don’t consider it a weight-loss supplement.
But if consumers bite, food industry analysts expect to see many so-called calorie-busting drinks flooding supermarkets. After all, energy drinks have become a $1 billion industry in this country, and analysts estimate that revenues will jump to nearly $2 billion by 2010.
“I wouldn’t be surprised if Pepsi wasn’t already working on something like this,” said Marc Halperin of the Center for Culinary Development, a San Francisco firm that works with manufacturers to formulate new products. “Who wouldn’t want to sit in front of the TV, eating chips and salami but still burning calories?”
Rhona Applebaum, vice president and chief scientific and regulatory officer at Coca-Cola, says it’s not that simple.
“This is in no way, shape or form a weight-loss fix,” she said. “There is no magic bullet for that. We’re targeting young adults who are health- and fitness-conscious.”
Maybe so, but the phrase “The Calorie Burner” is right above the Enviga name on the front of the can. It isn’t until consumers read the bottom of the back of the container that they find out that results have been seen only in “healthy, normal-weight 18- to 35-year-olds.”
Steve Gardner, litigation director for the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a Washington nonprofit nutrition-advocacy group, said, “It’s a known fact that consumers don’t read the fine print.”
And, added Gardner, whose organization filed a federal lawsuit last week in New Jersey against the makers of Enviga, it’s not thin people who will be lured by the slogan on the drink.
“Coke has repeatedly said that Enviga is not being marketed as a weight-loss product,” Gardner said. “Well, what does ‘Calorie Burner’ mean? And who do you think is going to be attracted to it? People who want to lose weight.”
Applebaum said Coca-Cola and Nestlé are relying on a study from the University of Lausanne in Switzerland, sponsored by Nestlé, done with a control group of lean 18- to 35-year-olds. The project followed 31 people — 16 men and 15 women — all with a body mass index in the 22 to 25 range, she said. For three days the group was given a placebo to drink three times a day. On the last day, they spent 24 hours in a metabolic chamber that measures heat released from the body to determine energy expenditure.
Then they drank Enviga three times a day for three days and once again were sent into the chamber, where, Applebaum says, on average they burned 106 more calories than they did while taking the placebo.
Applebaum said scientists don’t know exactly why it increases metabolism, but they believe it has something to do with how caffeine and the antioxidant epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), found in green tea, work together inside the body to stimulate energy expenditure. The green tea used in Enviga has been engineered to contain seven times more of the antioxidant than most green teas on the market, according to Applebaum. And each can contains 100 milligrams of caffeine, about the same amount as a cup of coffee. She says other studies show that green tea burns calories in overweight people who are younger than 18 and older than 35, but Nestlé and Coca-Cola never looked at those populations.
“So we cannot say that it’s going to work for those people,” Applebaum said.
Ed Blonz, a biochemical nutritionist in Berkeley who advises the Federal Trade Commission on green tea, says there is no question that the product will be attractive to overweight people who want to lose weight, even though there is no proof that it will work for them.
“There is no control study that I’m aware of that shows that obese people have been able to turn to green tea for weight loss,” he said, adding that he doesn’t believe it will work for thin people, either.
“So far, there is no convincing evidence that drinking green tea in and of itself will lead to any significant body weight loss,” he said. “It would take 35 to 58 days of burning 60 to 100 calories to lose 1 pound of body fat.”
Blonz said that in 1999, Swiss scientist Abdul Dulloo did a study similar to the one done by the University of Lausanne. His test looked at lean and healthy college students who took a green tea extract. After measuring their metabolic rate, he found that they burned 79 additional calories a day.
“Clearly, Coca-Cola and Nestlé are modeling their study after this one,” he said. “It’s curious how the studies have usually been done with lean and healthy individuals. Maybe it’s because lean people tend to be more reactive.”
Connecticut Attorney General Richard Blumenthal, whose office has taken an interest in a number of consumer issues over the years, also is dubious.
“Unless there are credible scientific studies to support these calorie-burning claims, they may be nothing more than voodoo nutrition,” he said in a press release. “Promise of wondrous weight loss must be supported by science, not magic. These two reputable companies imperil their own credibility if they exploit the public’s perennial impossible dream — a magical drink that may be perceived as a substitute for exercise and a balanced diet.”
Blumenthal has demanded that the soft drink giants turn over their scientific studies, clinical trials, tests and any documentation that can support claims that Enviga burns calories.
Michael Jacobson, executive director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, says Enviga should have been called ” ‘Fleece,’ since that’s what they’re trying to do to consumers,” referring to Coca-Cola and Nestlé urging customers to drink three cans a day. At between $1.29 and $1.49 a can, that would be at least $116 a month, he said.
Christine Skibola, a UC Berkeley professor and research toxicologist, says there is no question that green tea has many health benefits. But as far as keeping weight off, there’s only one real solution:
“Eat right,” she said. “And get plenty of exercise.”
Tea’s benefits to tap for good health
Posted by Admin in Tea Health Benefits on February 28th, 2007
Nigerian Tribune – Ibadan, Nigeria
By Sade Oguntola
Drinking tea can be very beneficial to your health. Learn about many health issues and proper nutritional advice through this online medical search engine
DRINKING tea may be a natural way to improve your health. Evidences continues to mount in favour of the consumption of tea benefiting the heart, protecting from some cancers, stop bad breath, fight diseases and even ensure weight loss. Teas, both green and black, have potent anti-cancer effects against a wide range of cancers, many scientists keep saying. For instance, a study led by the US Department of Agriculture on the health benefits of tea linked this to its polyphenol content. Green tea contains between 30 and 40 per cent of water-extractable polyphenols and the black tea (green tea that has been oxidized by fermentation) about three to 10 per cent of these substances. The four primary polyphenols found in fresh tea leaves are epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin, epicatachin and gallate, and epicatachin.Mendel Friedman and his co-workers from Universities in South Korea investigated tea’s ability to induce cell death in human cancer and normal cells using either its water or alcoholic extract and found it inhibits tumour growth, though at different levels dictated by the concentration.
This latest study corroborate an earlier one that found that drinking at least one cup of tea a day could cut the risk of cancer in the gallbladder and bile ducts by about 40 per cent in a population-based study carried out in China.
The researchers, led by Ann Hsing from the US National Cancer Institute, assessed the demographic, medical and dietary histories of 627 people with bile tract cancers (cases), 1037 people with bile stones and 959 randomly selected healthy controls. The sample population was based in Shanghai, China, where the incidence of these types of cancers is reported to have increased in recent years.
Specifically, women tea drinker had associated reduced risks of gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, and bile stones of 44, 35 and 37 per cent respectively. For men, no significant association was observed for tea drinkers and the relative risk of these conditions.
More evidence of tea’s brain health benefits is similarly supporting both green and black tea been able to protect against age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s as well as improve memory.
The research, published in the European Journal of Neuroscience, was the first to show beneficial effect of both green and black tea on cell cultures treated with amyloid proteins (amyloid proteins are associate with the onset of Alzheimer’s disease) just as another team at the University of Newcastle said that tea, and particularly green tea, helps improve memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
The study’s lead researcher, Dr. Ed Okello, said: “Although there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, tea could potentially be another weapon in the armoury which is used to treat this disease and slow down its development” in the journal, Phytotherapy Research. Dr. Okello added that the findings suggested tea could boost the memory of everyday drinkers too.
Tea has long been believed to possess blood pressure lowering effects in popular Chinese medicine. The scientists from the National Cheng Kung University in Taiwan, Taiwan, that examined the effect of tea drinking on the risk of newly diagnosed hypertension in 1507 subjects aged 20 or older, who did not have a hypertensive history when the study started even confirmed this.
Almost 40 per cent of the subjects were defined by the scientists as “habitual” tea drinkers, meaning they consumed at least 120 millilitres of green tea or oolong tea everyday for at least a year.
The more tea people drank, the lower their risk of high blood pressure, the authors said in the Archives of Internal Medicine. For non-habitual tea drinkers, the risk of developing hypertension decreased by 46 per cent in comparison with those that drank 120 to 599ml per day. This was further reduced by 65 per cent in those who drank 600ml daily or more.
This evidence that tea drinkers may actually suffer less from hypertension, the Japanese study also suggested may be linked to black tea’s action on blood vessels. The drink dilates the vessels allowing faster blood flow.
Research published in the October issue of the journal,nutrition, showed that five servings of black tea per day reduced LDL cholesterol, the bad cholesterol, by 11.1 per cent and total cholesterol by 6.5 per cent in those with mildly high cholesterol level. This definitely is substantiating another study in Saudi Arabia that found that people who drank more than six cups of black tea daily lowered their risk of coronary heart disease by more than half, compared to those who were not regular tea drinkers.
Meanwhile, compounds found in tea is said to also stop the growth of bacterial that cause bad breath, according to researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Polyphenols, chemical components of tea, prevent both the growth of bacterial responsible for bad breath and the bacteria’s production of malodorous compounds the research said.
In the laboratory study, Wu and Zhu incubated tea polyphenols with three species of bacteria associated with bad breath for 48 hours. At concentrations ranging from 16 to 250 microgramme per millilitre, the polyphenols inhibited growth of oral bacterial. At even lower concentrations – from 2.5 to 25 microgrammes per millilitre-the polyphenols hindered the enzyme that catalyses the formation of hydrogen sulphide, cutting its production by 30 per cent, they reported.
Research finding in her laboratory had also shown that black tea suppresses the growth of bacterial in dental plaque and even the act of rinsing the mouth with black tea can help to reduce plague formation and the production of acids that cause tooth decay.
Bones are not left out either. Long-term consumption of black, green or oolong tea can help strengthen bones researchers from the National Cheng Kung University Hospital in Tainan, Taiwan have reasons to believe.
People who drank an average of nearly two cups a day of these three tea varieties over a six-year period were shown to have a significant higher bone density than people who did not drink tea, or who drank it in smaller quantities.
Writing is the Archive of Internal Medicine; the researchers said they discovered that people who said they had consumed tea regular for more than 10 years had the highest overall bone-mineral density.
Even those that want to protect themselves from the effect of smoking, researchers also suggested should take tea regularly. Based on the findings in the October’s issue of the Journals of Nutrition, the researchers at the Arizona College of Public Health, University of Arizona and Arizona Cancer Centre in Tuscon studied the effect of tea on 143 heavy smokers for four months and from this concluded that it may also protect against damages from smoking.
Similarly, tea drinker stands to have their immune system primed to fight infection and chronic diseases because its antioxidant’s content helps the body destroy free radicals.
In an experiment, people who drank five to six small cups of black tea daily for two weeks were better able to fight off bacterial infections, a study said in an edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.
So when next you are thirsty, try taking tea rather than water, it is healthier. Water is essentially replacing fluid, but tea replaces fluids and contains antioxidants, so an added advantage.
There is no need to worry about tea dehydrating the body either. This is an old wives’ tale that is not backed up by any science. Whether it is the green or black tea, just keep drinking.
Tea-time has lasted 10 years on Yonge
Posted by Admin in Tea Houses on February 28th, 2007

Town Crier Online – Toronto, Canada
By Lorianna De Giorgio
Your search for a perfect cup of tea ends at Rosedale’s House of Tea.
Whether you’re in search of an English Breakfast brew to complement your morning array of eggs and bacon or just looking for an exotic fruit blend to warm you up on a chilly afternoon, owner Marisha Golla knows everything there is to know about tea.
It seems that it’s tea, not blood, that runs through the Sri Lankan-born proprietor’s veins. The tea trade has been part of her family history for more than a century. Her family owns two tea estates back home, where Golla worked as tea taster for the government’s tea board.
Golla and her husband Michael opened the Yonge St. store just north of Rosedale subway station only two weeks after their arrival in Canada. The oldest independently owned loose leaf tea shop in Toronto is celebrating its 10th anniversary this year.
“I like the taste of it,” Golla simply said about the product that she has based her livelihood upon all these years. “Coming from a third world country, it’s either tea or water (to drink).”
While the House of Tea’s success has become as sweet as the tea that Golla serves, the first year of operation, she admits, was challenging.
In 1997 loose leaf tea didn’t seem to be all that well known among Torontonians, and Golla wondered whether her business would survive its first year.
After all, Canada is a country filled with coffee and tea bag drinkers, she was told.
But with the shop’s anniversary this year, there’s no doubt those who might not have been familiar with loose leaf tea 10 years ago are now tea tasting converts.
And the years that have proceeded the first year have been nothing but joyous, Golla explained with her trademark friendly attitude.
“I love it,” she said. “It’s been very good. I don’t see this as work.”
Tins upon tins of loose leaf tea fill the moderately sized store. Golla carries more than 300 tea blends from around the world, from a vast selection of black, green and white teas to exotic blends such as Camillo, a chamomile orange blossom, orange peel, mint and lemongrass tea.
Golla also concocts her own custom blends to help a variety of her customers’ health ailments.
House of Tea is also populated with tea accessories — teapots and tea sets — that guarantee your tea sipping experience is as visually pleasurable as it is delicious.
The teas comes in 100, 250 and 500 gram bags, with prices ranging from $10 for an inexpensive blend of Blood Orange with Flowers black tea to $100 for a rare Japanese green tea.
And like all good businesses, the House of Tea has expanded. It has tea counters at both of Pusateri’s Fine Foods locations. And Golla supplies the tea for several restaurants, including neighbourhing café, Black Camel.
But despite her business’s growth, Golla doesn’t plan on expanding too far beyond her control.
After all, individually serving her customers in a friendly and knowledgeable way tops her plans of ever taking over Toronto’s tea scene.
“I’m not a person who has ever been interested in scattering myself around,” she said.
She leaves that up to her tea.
Kenya: Farmers Told to Improve Quality of Tea
Posted by Admin in Tea Industry News on February 28th, 2007
allAfrica.com: The Nation (Nairobi) Kenya
Tea farmers have been asked to concentrate on improving quality instead of increasing acreage.
The international price of tea was unstable and there was no need for farmers to increase acreage, Agriculture minister Kipruto Kirwa said yesterday.
Mr Kirwa said that a world tea meeting he had attended had agreed that farmers should not plant more tea.
He was speaking at Kaptumo Division during a gound-breaking ceremony for a Sh350 million tea factory being built by the Kenya Tea Development Agency and small-scale farmers.
The minister said the meeting had resolved that farmers should be encouraged to improve the quality of their tea.
But Mr Kirwa said tea farmers in the country would not be affected because they had not increased the acreage under tea significantly.
Improve quality
The minister, who was accompanied by Chebut factory directors Henry Ng’etich, Paul Tiongik and John Lelei and Electoral Commissioner Samuel Ngeny, asked the growers to seek advice from agricultural field officers on how to improve quality.
He urged farmers in Nandi North and South districts to venture into horticulture as one way of fighting poverty, saying they had large tracts of underutilised fertile land.
The directors said farmers in the two districts required more than four tea factories to ease congestion at Chebut factory.
The new development is likely to cause concern among officials and members of the Kenya Plantation and Agricultural Workers Union and the Central Organisation of Trade Unions (Cotu), who have in the recent past opposed the introduction of tea picking machines.
Cotu secretary general Francis Atwoli has led unionists’ appeals to the President to suspend the introduction of the machines to save jobs.
Tea and technology mix in Calcutta
Posted by Admin in Tea Culture / Ceremony, Tea Industry News on February 28th, 2007
Tea growing in India is a major industry. Calcutta may be famous for its black hole, grinding poverty and racetrack, but the former Indian capital was, during British rule the centre for India’s exports, particularly tea.
Now the way in which this commodity is bought and sold is changing due to the influence of modern digital technology, in particular online auctions.
Digital Planet producer Julian Siddle was given a tour of the old and new style tea auction when the programme visited Calcutta for the India Rising season.
Nilhat house translates as Indigo Market house, an appropriate name for the home of one of Calcutta’s oldest businesses. It was here that an enterprising Welshman set up an auction house in 1778. At the time it did a lucrative trade in spices, indigo and jute, then in 1861 the J Thomas company conducted Indians first tea auction.
Today it sells more tea than any other company in the world. The chances are that your daily cuppa passed though the building’s colonial doorways.
The way the tea is auctioned has changed little in over 100 years. The tea buyers sit in a circular tiered room rather like a lecture theatre. In the centre of the room an auctioneer rattles through the list of teas. Printed catalogues give a brief summary of the lots, everything from fine leaves of Darjeeling to tea dust.
Sale flowing
Kieran Desai from Tata tea, the company which owns Tetley, says: “The buyers sit in about eight rows deep.
“Somebody says ‘up’, another just taps a pencil and it’s the auctioneers job to notice this and keep the sale flowing. They need to sell at about three lots a minute if the sale is to finish on time.”
The board room of J Thomas is lined with photographs of generations of the family, many sporting the traditional garb of the Victorian colonial, pith helmet and walrus moustache. Here tea is served in traditional bone china, milk is optional though, frowned upon for the better grades of light delicate tea.
Amit Chowdhuri is the current managing director and is charged with seeing in a technological revolution.
‘Transparent system’
“The auction is a good system and so has remained unchanged. It’s the most transparent system.
“We’re not against e-auctions; we welcome this, we feel we have to move with the times and if there’s something better, why not?”
Laptops in the auction room now allow up to date monitoring of tea prices and instant comparisons with previous rates.
Many don’t like the idea of technology coming along, taking away the eye contact, the adrenalin rush, the cut and thrust.
Kieran Desai sees technology as killing off all the fun of the auction.
“An auction is a bit like a football game so much is going on. It will become like a funeral parlour, everyone will have a laptop, they’ll put in their bids and that’s it, there will be no verbal communication.”
In the ancient tea tasting room a few floors up from the auction chamber thousands of teas are laid out.
Senior taster
Tested for taste and appearance they are graded before appearing in the auction catalogue. The large buckets of spat out tea atest to at least one part of the process which cannot be taken over by the computer.
The senior taster Krisha Katyal with tongue firmly in cheek looks forward to the day when the human taste bud can be mimicked electronically.
“Ultimately tea is not drunk by computers, machines and the internet, so it needs a synergetic palette to identify what is preferable. There is a big move on to develop an electronic tongue and if they can do that, that’s great as it will give us a little more time to play golf and other sundry activities.”
Internet auctions are very much part of big business in India. Metal Junction, a subsidiary of the giant Tata conglomerate, is the countrty’s largest e-commerce company. They too are involved in online auctions, selling mainly to businesses, dealing in steel, coal and recently cars.
The managing director Viresh Oberoi says Indian technological advance is moving on a pace, missing out all the intermediate stages that the industrialised world has gone through.
“We seem to be leapfrogging; there are a number of developments the West has been though which we seem to be skipping.
Auction process
“We’ve gone from you need to go to the shop yourself to ordering something over the internet, without the in-between stages such as mail order.”
Their auction process though is far removed from eBay.
Meneesh Mateur the operations manger who watches each sale and intervenes if necessary, says: “Our auctions are a business to business event, with 12 people competing on our website.
“We can get in touch with them individually and say the auction starts now. That means I don’t have to run my auctions so long. My auctions last two to three hours.
“The finishing time is open ended. If there is a bid in the last three minutes the auction will automatically extend, the idea is that no one can say I didn’t have enough time to bid.”
This makes sense in markets like India as the internet, while growing all the time, is not reaching the masses, business users however have connectivity even if its not reliable all the time.
“They are the first participants in a market for online services such as electronic auctions which may eventually reach a wider public,” says Mr Mateur









